Introduction: The issue of participation and political legitimacy for the political stability and continuity is a fundamental principal .All the various times, political legitimacy as a quality of government has been associated with obedience. This study presents a sociological analysis of the relationship between participations, legitimacy and social factors which affect the political legitimacy among social groups of Babol, based on the views of participation, legitimacy and the legitimacy crisis.

  Method: The research method is survey (Casual- comparative).

  Findings: The result from this research shows that there is not significant relationship between legitimacy and participation but there is a significant relationship between the social status of the groups and their attitude concerning the legitimacy of political system. There is also a significant relationship between the social status of the groups and their tendency toward democracy. While, according to this research, there is no significant relationship between the legitimacy of political system and political participation.

  Conclusion: The research data has indicated a high participation of respondents. While the Score of the respondents to legitimacy of political system is relatively low. Therefore, there is a large gap between the real attitude of the respondents to legitimacy of political system and the behavior of respondents (social participation).