Abstract: (27 Views)
Introduction: Adolescents who have lost or lack parental care often experience difficulties in emotional regulation and social interactions due to the absence of a stable family environment. This study aimed to investigate the role of attachment styles and resilience in predicting social adjustment among orphaned and neglected adolescents in Ardabil, Iran.
Method: This study was a descriptive–survey research with a correlational design and an applied objective. The statistical population included all adolescents residing in welfare centers under the supervision of the Ardabil Welfare Organization in 2019. A total of 90 adolescents were randomly selected as the sample. Data were collected using the Bell Social Adjustment Scale (1961), the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (2003), and the Hazan and Shaver Attachment Style Questionnaire (1987). Data were analyzed using SPSS software and the multiple regression analysis method.
Findings: The results showed a significant relationship between attachment styles and resilience with social adjustment. Social adjustment had a positive correlation with secure attachment style and resilience, and a negative correlation with avoidant and ambivalent insecure attachment styles. Moreover, attachment styles and resilience were able to explain a considerable portion of the variance in social adjustment, with ambivalent insecure attachment style being the strongest negative predictor, while resilience and secure attachment style served as positive predictors.
Discussion: Secure attachment style and high resilience, through self-esteem and effective strategies such as social support, act as positive predictors of social adjustment. In contrast, insecure attachment styles act as negative predictors due to emotional distress. Therefore, strengthening resilience and promoting secure attachment can improve the social adjustment of orphaned and maltreated adolescents.
Method: This study was a descriptive–survey research with a correlational design and an applied objective. The statistical population included all adolescents residing in welfare centers under the supervision of the Ardabil Welfare Organization in 2019. A total of 90 adolescents were randomly selected as the sample. Data were collected using the Bell Social Adjustment Scale (1961), the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (2003), and the Hazan and Shaver Attachment Style Questionnaire (1987). Data were analyzed using SPSS software and the multiple regression analysis method.
Findings: The results showed a significant relationship between attachment styles and resilience with social adjustment. Social adjustment had a positive correlation with secure attachment style and resilience, and a negative correlation with avoidant and ambivalent insecure attachment styles. Moreover, attachment styles and resilience were able to explain a considerable portion of the variance in social adjustment, with ambivalent insecure attachment style being the strongest negative predictor, while resilience and secure attachment style served as positive predictors.
Discussion: Secure attachment style and high resilience, through self-esteem and effective strategies such as social support, act as positive predictors of social adjustment. In contrast, insecure attachment styles act as negative predictors due to emotional distress. Therefore, strengthening resilience and promoting secure attachment can improve the social adjustment of orphaned and maltreated adolescents.
Article number: 10
Type of Study: orginal |
Received: 2025/10/31 | Accepted: 2026/07/29
Received: 2025/10/31 | Accepted: 2026/07/29
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