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Introduction: Risky behavior refers to a set of behaviors that endanger one's mental and physical health. The prevalence of these behaviors among Iranian students has increased; however, less attention has been paid to such factors. Accordingly, the major aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between family relationships and risky behaviors with the mediating role of negative affect and emotion regulation difficulties.
 Method: This research is a descriptive- correlational study. Participants include 366 university students studying in different universities in Tehran. They were selected by convenience sampling and were asked to respond to the Family Relationship Index, Negative Affect, Emotion Regulation Difficulties, and Risky Behaviors questionnaires. Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling evaluated by using SPSS-22 and Amos-21 software.
 Findings: The result of correlation shows there is a significant positive relationship between family relationship index, difficulty in emotion regulation, and risky behaviors. Also, the fit indices of the proposed model show that this model is fit (CFI=0.96 IFI=0.96 RMESA=0.07). The emotion regulation difficulty was found to play a mediating role between family relationships and risky behaviors, especially violence, eating behaviors, and substance use. 
 Discussion: It can be said, in families with a lack of coherency, understanding, and expressiveness, individuals use ineffective emotional strategies, such as risky behaviors. Accordingly, attention and evaluation to the role of them in vulnerable populations can prevent such behaviors.

Keywords: Risky behavior, Family relationship index, Emotion regulation difficulties, Negative affect

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