Volume 21, Issue 83 (3-2022)
refahj 2022, 21(83): 229-259 |
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Mohammadi A, Alipour E, Hashemi Masoomabad R. (2022). An Investigation into Factors Affecting People's Participation in Organizing Worn-out Urban Textures: A Case Study of District 3 in Ardebil. refahj. 21(83), : 6
URL: http://refahj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-3507-en.html
URL: http://refahj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-3507-en.html
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Introduction: One of the most arguable and critical phenomena about urban contexts is the issue of worn-out textures and its challenges and problems, as well as its management. In spite of proper social capitals, we can decrease the casts of services, interactions and exchanges related to various urban areas and organizations such as repairing and organizing urban worn-out textures through attracting public cooperation. Regarding rebuilding and renovation of urban worn-out textures, it should be mentioned that, undoubtedly, organizing such contexts needs active and affective cooperation of all residents of those contexts. Ardabil and in particular its region thee is not excluded from this rule, and according to some known standards introduced by the ministry of development and housing, about 60 percent’s of marginal context of region three in the city Ardabil can be considered as worn-out textures, so this issue needs serious and fast attention for organizing and renovation of mentioned regions.
Method: A descriptive – analytical method measurement was employed for the present study which was performed as field and library study; its performance standard was found to be functional. In the present study, every resident the region three of Ardebil was considered as statistics analytical unit of the studied community. In order to collect data, a researcher – made questionnaire was employed; and since data collection was performed directly form a group of people and through the questionnaire together with some interviews which include respondents’ ideas and perspectives, so measurement method was employed, too. Sample size of the study which was calculated by Cochran formula was 384. It should be pointed out that the mentioned sample size was raised up to 400 in order to cover any probable error. For sampling from statistical community, we have used multi – phase cluster sampling and simple random sampling in our study; in a way that, regarding the expanse and population density, Region three of Ardabil was divided into three sub – regions. A few districts were selected from each sub – region and a few blocks were selected from each district. In the next phase, simple random sampling was employed for accessing to statistic units. In the end, statistical software of SPSS and Excel were used for analyzing the collected data.
Findings: In the current study, public cooperation together with its own references and variables were attended for considering its influence on the trend of urban worn-out textures reorganization. In general, the obtained results demonstrate that all hypotheses of the study are confirmed by the obtained results; in order to report the results in an extended form, they can be represented in various phases, such as:
Phase I – According to the results of the study, meaningfulness level of test error for confidence level of 99% is less than 0. 01 (sig = 0.000), so intended hypothesis is confirmed. Thus, there is a meaningful relationship between trusting urban managers and citizens’ cooperation’s level in region three in Ardabil for organizing the worn-out textures. Person value was 0.73, which demonstrates a positive, direct, and strong relationship between the two variables.
Phase II – According to the results of the study, meaningfulness level of test error for confidence level of 99% is less than 0.01 (sig = 0.000), so intended hypothesis is confirmed. There is a meaningful difference between social economic base (education) and people’s cooperation’s level in region three in Ardabil for organizing the worn-out textures. In other words, the level of cooperation of people with higher level of education is different from those who are not educated.
Phase III - According to the results of the study, meaning fullness level of test error for confidence level of 99% is less than 0.01 ( sig = 0.000), so the hypothesis is confirmed. Thus, the people’s contribution as regards improving the worn-out textures is different depending on house ownership. Therefore, we can say that the kind of houses and ownership have a role in the level of people’s cooperation’s in urban affairs.
Phase IV – Numerical average analysis has been employed for obtaining the results about the level of sample community’s benefiting from each of indices of receptivity of citizens’ cooperation. According to Freedman’s test, there is a meaningful difference among mean in dices of receptivity of citizens’ cooperation within sample households at the level of > 0.01. The highest mean is related to feeling powerlessness ( 40.40) and attending district affairs (4.16), while the least mean is devoted to free times (2.61) and costs and benefits of cooperation’s (2.98).
Discussion: According to the results of the research, the more trust in urban managers on the part of the people, the greater the level of their participation in urban affairs, and vice versa.
The level of citizen participation in urban affairs varies from high to low education, and the level of education and awareness of people about participation in urban affairs plays an important role.
The longer a person lives in an area, the more these variables and other variables are likely to play a greater role in enhancing citizen participation in urban affairs.
Finally, it can be said that by adopting comprehensive measures and raising awareness among the people living in those areas, they can be informed of their citizenship rights and responsibilities, and they will as active members rather than passive members in the city. On the other hand, a big part of the criticisms and skepticism of citizens are due to the lack of awareness of urban management services, which will be largely resolved by their own participation. The most important way to move forward is to raise awareness among the people as regards the culture and information, among which the essential role of cultural practices and of the information and culture of the mass media is of particular importance. By exploring and addressing worn-out textures problems and providing information, people are less likely to feel irresponsible with regard to restoring their worn-out textures, which is one of the important and inevitable issues. Also being informed by media about the benefits of renovation and concession facilities to evaluate the factors affecting the public’s participation in the organization of urban worn-out textures
Method: A descriptive – analytical method measurement was employed for the present study which was performed as field and library study; its performance standard was found to be functional. In the present study, every resident the region three of Ardebil was considered as statistics analytical unit of the studied community. In order to collect data, a researcher – made questionnaire was employed; and since data collection was performed directly form a group of people and through the questionnaire together with some interviews which include respondents’ ideas and perspectives, so measurement method was employed, too. Sample size of the study which was calculated by Cochran formula was 384. It should be pointed out that the mentioned sample size was raised up to 400 in order to cover any probable error. For sampling from statistical community, we have used multi – phase cluster sampling and simple random sampling in our study; in a way that, regarding the expanse and population density, Region three of Ardabil was divided into three sub – regions. A few districts were selected from each sub – region and a few blocks were selected from each district. In the next phase, simple random sampling was employed for accessing to statistic units. In the end, statistical software of SPSS and Excel were used for analyzing the collected data.
Findings: In the current study, public cooperation together with its own references and variables were attended for considering its influence on the trend of urban worn-out textures reorganization. In general, the obtained results demonstrate that all hypotheses of the study are confirmed by the obtained results; in order to report the results in an extended form, they can be represented in various phases, such as:
Phase I – According to the results of the study, meaningfulness level of test error for confidence level of 99% is less than 0. 01 (sig = 0.000), so intended hypothesis is confirmed. Thus, there is a meaningful relationship between trusting urban managers and citizens’ cooperation’s level in region three in Ardabil for organizing the worn-out textures. Person value was 0.73, which demonstrates a positive, direct, and strong relationship between the two variables.
Phase II – According to the results of the study, meaningfulness level of test error for confidence level of 99% is less than 0.01 (sig = 0.000), so intended hypothesis is confirmed. There is a meaningful difference between social economic base (education) and people’s cooperation’s level in region three in Ardabil for organizing the worn-out textures. In other words, the level of cooperation of people with higher level of education is different from those who are not educated.
Phase III - According to the results of the study, meaning fullness level of test error for confidence level of 99% is less than 0.01 ( sig = 0.000), so the hypothesis is confirmed. Thus, the people’s contribution as regards improving the worn-out textures is different depending on house ownership. Therefore, we can say that the kind of houses and ownership have a role in the level of people’s cooperation’s in urban affairs.
Phase IV – Numerical average analysis has been employed for obtaining the results about the level of sample community’s benefiting from each of indices of receptivity of citizens’ cooperation. According to Freedman’s test, there is a meaningful difference among mean in dices of receptivity of citizens’ cooperation within sample households at the level of > 0.01. The highest mean is related to feeling powerlessness ( 40.40) and attending district affairs (4.16), while the least mean is devoted to free times (2.61) and costs and benefits of cooperation’s (2.98).
Discussion: According to the results of the research, the more trust in urban managers on the part of the people, the greater the level of their participation in urban affairs, and vice versa.
The level of citizen participation in urban affairs varies from high to low education, and the level of education and awareness of people about participation in urban affairs plays an important role.
The longer a person lives in an area, the more these variables and other variables are likely to play a greater role in enhancing citizen participation in urban affairs.
Finally, it can be said that by adopting comprehensive measures and raising awareness among the people living in those areas, they can be informed of their citizenship rights and responsibilities, and they will as active members rather than passive members in the city. On the other hand, a big part of the criticisms and skepticism of citizens are due to the lack of awareness of urban management services, which will be largely resolved by their own participation. The most important way to move forward is to raise awareness among the people as regards the culture and information, among which the essential role of cultural practices and of the information and culture of the mass media is of particular importance. By exploring and addressing worn-out textures problems and providing information, people are less likely to feel irresponsible with regard to restoring their worn-out textures, which is one of the important and inevitable issues. Also being informed by media about the benefits of renovation and concession facilities to evaluate the factors affecting the public’s participation in the organization of urban worn-out textures
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Received: 2019/10/23 | Accepted: 2021/03/2 | Published: 2022/03/16
Received: 2019/10/23 | Accepted: 2021/03/2 | Published: 2022/03/16
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