also makes changes in mental processes of family members. Due to the fact that

the absence of one parent or both of them has unpleasant effect on mental growth

of children and adolescents, this study is looking for the comparison between

parented and unparented adolescents in terms of psychological hardiness .

Ardebil in 1388-89, are considered as statistic population of present research. For

this purpose, among all high schools in Ardebil city, 18 schools were selected by

cluster sampling method. Then 150 adolescents (75 girls and 75 boys) were

selected by simple sampling method. Through filling out psychological hardiness

questionnaires, students took part in this study. Data was analyzed by the use of

multivariate analysis of variance.

terms of psychological hardiness between parented and unpatented adolescents,

but no difference between girls and boys in term of hardiness.

hardiness than others and adolescents without mother have less hardiness than

two other groups. Perhaps, stress and lack of mental health have been the most

important factors in low hardiness.