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Introduction: Poverty is considered as a horrifying and life-threatening phenomenon as well as a multifaceted process stemmed from social interactions, political structures, socioeconomic strategies, and performance of individuals and groups. Therefore, addressing the issue of poverty as well as its associated causes and factors can be regarded as one of the most important roles of governments.
Method: This research is a qualitative study using theme analysis method. Participants included 17 family social workers of Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation (IKRF) in Fars Province and professors of relevant fields working at universities in the city of Shiraz who were selected using a purposive sampling method. The required data were also collected through semi-structured interviews and then analyzed via continuous comparison methods. 
Findings: The results of this study led to 14 sub-themes and six main themes as the significant factors affecting the incidence of poverty. The main themes included “Factors related to head of the family: (wrongdoer and unwanted person)”, “Factors related to family: (controllable and uncontrollable)”, “Factors related to governance: (political, legal, citizenship services, and administration of governmental organizations)”, “Cultural factors: (social and belief-related) “Geographical factors: (climate and natural resources)”, and “Economic factors: (internal and external)”. 
Discussion: A variety of factors are involved in the incidence of poverty, so it cannot be merely reduced through emphasis on one or more factors. Thus, managing poverty in a society requires identifying all factors contributing to its incidence, categorizing these factors in an acceptable and meaningful manner, and also doing integrated and comprehensive planning to overcome them.

Keywords: Aid organizations, Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation, Poverty, Theme analysis

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