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Introduction: The objectives of millennium development goals basically are about health topics, nondiscrimination and equality, especially gender equality. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between dimensions of gender inequalities perception and mental health among employed women. Method: In this study a non-experimental, co-relational research design was used to determine the relation between variables. The population of the study was employed women in Social Security Organization in Hamedan. 202 women were selected by stratified sampling method. The perception of gender inequality was measured by questionnaire and the validated Iranian version of the GHQ is used for measuring of mental health. For analyzing data Pearson's correlation was used. Findings: Results showed 44.6% of women had the lowest mental disorders and 45.1% of population expressed their sense of gender inequality high and very high levels. Discussion: There was a positive significant relationship between gender inequalities perception, it's dimensions, and mental health as the less felt of the gender inequality had better individual’s mental health.

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Expended Abstract
Introduction: Women have been discriminated and treated violently throughout the history because of their gender. Illustrations of discrimination and violence cover a wide range of sexual harassment. Violence against women has always been a legitimate way of expressing male domination, in other words, a kind of social control that comes directly from the creation of a patriarchal society (Heydari Chrodeh, 2010). In general, sexual harassment involves a range of unwanted behaviors that appear in different manners, like visually, verbally, behaviorally, and physically. Sexual harassment is very costly, even with increasing sensitivity, sexual harassment at workplaces in past decades has increased significantly (more than triple) (Enarsen, 2011: 15). Approximately 16,000 complaints of sexual harassment are received annually by the US Job Opportunities Commission, with more than a third of them appearing in the courts (17). Sexual harassment is a problem for many employees, with tens of thousands of women every year reporting their experiences of sexual harassment to employers and organizations (Einarsen, 2011).
The definition of sexual harassment is not simple. Individuals have different perceptions of what is described as sexual harassment. The following definitions provide a more comprehensive view of sexual harassment: The US Equal Employment Opportunity Commission has provided a definition of sexual harassment, which is often cited and based on sexual harassment: “Sexual relationship without the consent of the other party, the request for sex and any verbal or physical behavior bearing a sex load that can promote a job or regarded as a threat to women’s job loss (EEOC 1998).
Medical centers can be referred to as one of the working environments in which male and female employees have close contacts. Health centers, including hospitals, are part of a work center with special and different working conditions, including working hours, in which male and female employees are in contact with shifts in the morning, evening and at night according to their job requirements, as well as the relationship. The close emotional relationship between personnel due to their occupational characteristics can create conditions for male sexuality and sexual harassment for female employees.
Therefore, the present study aims to examine the social factors affecting the experience of sexual harassment by women in the workplace, in order to deeply examine the triple dimensions of the crime triangle (delinquent, victimized, environment) simultaneously. Data were collected in order to find out the experiences of women working in hospitals in Karaj (the capital of Alborz province in Iran) from sexual harassment, considering that working conditions in hospitals are such that it is possible for female and male employees to be contacted 24 hours a day more than other working environments, as well as an emotional connection with employees because of their working conditions, which requires this connection as well. Failure to study this issue in hospitals in the country has been considered in this organization.
Method: The present study is conducted using survey method. In this research, SPSS software was used to analyze the data and attempts were made to make the tables as simple as possible and far from the statistical complexities.
In this research, Cronbach’s alpha was used to determine the validity of the questionnaire. The results for independent and dependent variables are presented in the following table:

Table 1: Validity coefficient of used indices
Indicator    Number
of points    Validity coefficient    Total Validity coefficient
Sexual Harassment experience    Verbal harassment    21    0.95    0.96
    Non verbal harassment    9    0.90    
The amount of attendance is motivated    15    0.72    0.72
Recognition rate as the appropriate target    25    0.77    0.77
Loss of protection    Personal    17    0.67    0.65
    Organizational    16    0.68    


Findings: The path analysis diagram shows the direct, indirect, and total effects of each of the main variables of the research.
Chart (1) Path analysis

Discussion: Despite the increasing share of working women in society and the probability of volatility in the amount of violence against women, and the importance of the phenomenon of sexual harassment at work in relation to women workers, as a form of obvious violence against women and its impact on the community, so far, few research studies have dealt with this issue. Therefore, in this research, we try to use the theory of everyday activities to analyze the extent of sexual harassment of women employed in Karaj hospitals. The results of this study indicate that, firstly, female sexual harassment in the workplace is an inclusive issue and an important social issue. Secondly, in the occurrence of this problem, various variables and factors are involved. According to the results of the present study, the extent of the presence of the subject, the degree of recognition as the appropriate target, and the lack of protection are the most important predictors of the degree of work place sexual harassment

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Expended Abstract
Introduction:
Domestic violence is one of the most common social deviances worldwide. Domestic violence includes child abuse, elder abuse, and spouse abuse (Moreno et al., 2005; Dalal & Lindquist, 2012). One of the most important forms of violence in the family is caused by men exercising their social or physical power against women. However, this problem is an integral part of many cultures and societies and has been accepted as a social norm in some parts of the world (Dutton, 2011).Although there is no accurate data on the rate of spouse abuse in Iran, different studies have reported about 30 to 93.6% spouse abuse against women (Panaghi et al, 2017).
Method:
In the methodology section of this study, exploratory factor analysis was used to determine the validity of the instrument, and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was used to determine its reliability.
The researchers identified the most important items that could cover different aspects of spouse abuse through extensive literature review and the use of some existing questionnaires. It should be noted that in the existing questionnaires related to the cultural issues of the country, the section as regards sexual abuse was not available. Therefore, the questions related to this section were added to the items of the original questionnaire by examining external questionnaires. Multistage sampling was used to select the sample. The required sample size was determined by dividing Tehran into different regions. Thus, based on gender and age, the sample was selected from all regions of Tehran. From each region of Tehran, three neighborhoods with high, medium, and low socioeconomic status were randomly selected. In this study, exploratory factor analysis was used to determine the validity of the instrument. Data were analyzed by SPSS software using principal component analysis with varimax orthogonal rotation.
Results:
The mean age of the participants was 43.40 years. From among all the participants, 26.4% of them had bachelor’s degree, and 16.1% of them were unemployed. The mean and standard deviation of the total score of spouse abuse for total sample is 35.99 and 18.01 (Table 1).
Table 1: the status of spouse abuse for the sample
Variable    SD    M    N
Light physical violence    5.21     8.52      514
Severe physical violence     3.61    6.13      521
Emotional violence    6.72     11.46     533
Verbal violence     3.66    5.34     541
Sexual violence    3.07     4.68     489
Total     10.46     35.99     531

Prior to performing factor analysis, the Kaiser-Meier-Olekin and Spearman-Bartlett tests were conducted to ensure that the data in this study were sufficient and appropriate for the factor analysis.
Data were analyzed using Bartlett test. The results of this analysis showed the suitability of the data for factor analysis (Table 2).

Table 2: the results of the KMO and Bartlett Tests
KMO    Bartlett’s Test (X 2)    Df    P
 0.92    8210.92     17     0.0001

According to these two criteria, five factors were extracted from the data that explained approximately 72% of the variance of the construct (Table 3).
According to the cumulative percentages of the explained variance (Table 3), it can be seen the percentage of variance explained by each factor, as well as the extent that each factor explains the total variance of the questionnaire. Five factors account for approximately 72% of the total variance. As indicated, the five factors are: light physical violence, severe physical violence, emotional violence, verbal violence, and sexual violence.
Table 3: the structure of factors and coefficients obtained from factor analysis
Factors    Exploratory Factor Analysis
    Eigen value    The percentage of explained variance    The cumulative percentage of explained  variance
Factor 1    24.01    24.01    24.01
Factor 2    39.21    15.20    39.21
Factor 3    53.79    14.58    53.79
Factor 4    64.44    10.64    64.44
Factor 5    72.55    8.11    72.55

Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was used to estimate the reliability (internal consistency) of the questionnaire (Table 5). Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the whole questionnaire is 0.86 The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the other subscales ranges from 0.80 to 0.84.
N    α    Sub Scales
5    0.80    Light physical violence
4    0.81    Severe physical violence
4    0.84    Emotional violence
3    0.81    Verbal violence
3    0.83    Sexual violence
19    0.86    The whole scale

Discussion
The purpose of this study was to construct and validate the Spouse abuse questionnaire in Tehran. This instrument was designed to measure violence among married men and women, although it seems to be more applicable to women.
The questions cover the five factors of light physical violence, severe physical violence, emotional violence, sexual violence, and verbal violence. Compared to the published instruments such as Panaghi et al’s. (2017) questionnaire and the Qahari et al’s. (2006) spouse questionnaire, the diversity and breadth of the present questionnaire and its short form should be highlighted. In addition, Panaghi et al’s. (2017) questionnaire is mainly suggested for clinical settings and the sample is not randomly selected. Other instruments, including conflict resolution tactics, have not specifically taken different types of spouse abuse into consideration.
The lack of appropriate instruments for measuring spouse abuse is one of the most important problems of researchers in this field. In addition to helping researchers with accurate statistics on the phenomena, using appropriate instruments can also play a significant role in preventing abuse and even helping victims of abuse and facilitate psychosocial interventions. Given the importance of this issue, one of the first requirements for interventions in the field of spouse abuse is having access to valid and reliable instruments that can properly measure this problem (according to behavioral and social science research studies), and the questions should be culturally appropriate to the target group and community. According to the results of this study, the spouse abuse questionnaire meets these criteria and assesses various aspects of spouse abuse, and it is recommended to be used as a suitable instrument in survey studies or to assess the effects of spouse abuse interventions.
This study was conducted on a suitable sample size of married people with appropriate validity and reliability and covers a wide range of spouse abuse areas.  Its limitations include the failure to specify the cut-off point, so the precautions should be taken while using it for specific populations. Although it is quite appropriate to use exploratory factor analysis at this stage (constructing new instruments), confirmatory factor analysis and other types of analysis need to be used for later stages of instrument development (using it for different populations).