Social and political justices are the central themes in people participation to macro and mi¬cro policies in every society. According to political philosophers, two basic factors, which involved in people’s judgments about political equality are distributive and procedural jus¬tice. Current approaches to distributive social justice in many of the societies investigated by sociologists and psychologists and furthermore on the basis of these researches recognized that without attention to people’s perceptions toward social justice, serious social and politi¬cal problems arise. According to Coleman (1990) major elements of political justice are the devices and elements equality in political decisions.
Additionally, within this framework, these elements involve four subjects: distributive equal¬ity, opportunities equality. In this research, the relationship between social justice approaches and political justice components has been investigated. Statistical population of this research were the total of sixteen - year - old persons and more who were inhabitant in Esfahan city. From statistical population, four hundred people (two hundred males and two hundred females), randomly selected responding to two questionnaire, that is Rasinsky social justice questionnaire and Yousephy’s political equality questionnaire. It should be mentioned that four hundred members of sample group selected to be comparable this results with Youse¬phy’s research. The data analyzed with the use of Pearson correlation coefficients. Results showed that there is a significant reverse (negative) relationship between economic individu¬alism and equity in social justice with opportunity and participative equality. Also there is a significant direct (positive) relationship between equality in social justice and distributive, legal and participative equality in political justice.
There is a significant direct (positive) relationship between need in social justice and distribu¬tive and participative equality in political justice, whereas between need and legal equality there is a significant reverse (negative) relationship. Canonical correlation analysis showed that four approaches in social justice were able to predict political equality from total social justice indirectly.

Objectives: This is a summary of an extended research on sociological study of drug addiction in Iran. The main focus of the study has been to identify and analyze the social correlates of drug addiction rate. It is a fact that drug addiction has been increased in Iran in the recent years. The research has been designed on the base of response to this question "what are the causes of drug addiction rate variations among provinces of Iran? " Method: The research unit of analysis includes all provinces of Iran between 1368-1380 that have been studied and analyzed. The research method of study was longitudinal-comparative method, based on secondary data . Conclusion: Theoretically, the study has been based on structural functionalism approach. Path analysis results indicate that industrialization, anomie, availability of drugs, smuggler's activity variables are the most important variables for explanation of drug addiction in Iran, respectively.

  Introduction: Changes in the quality of life are portrait of Human development. Based on Inglehart and Welzel comprehensive approach to human development, the concept includes three dimensions of socio-economic, cultural modernization and democratization of the society.

  The present study aims at elaborating on the situation of cultural modernization in the villages at transition and responding to the question of: "whether these groups of villages, which enjoy relatively of a higher level of socio-economic development, have experienced cultural modernization or not?

  Method: Cultural modernization is measured by three variables of individualism, secularization and scientific orientation. The study is conducted through a combination of quantitative techniques (survey, review of literature and questionnaire) and qualitative methods. For the analysis of data, technique of in-depth interviews with respondents has been applied to grasp a better understanding of their responses.

  Finding: The findings show in the processes of human development inhabitants of villages at transition have experienced cultural modernization, however it has not been an inclusive process of covering multi-dimension of cultural modernization . while, to some extent moral individualism has prevailed among people but the majority have not moved towards secular mentality .Their thought, attitudes and behaviors are dependent on super-natural factors and the influence of religious beliefs is not limited to their private domain of life. Also residents of these types of villages in response to the question of:" why a phenomenon exists or occurs?" have used a paradoxical combination of science and religion in their explanations.

  Conclusion: It seems this type of cultural modernization, which its main attribute, is imbalance among three dimension of the concept, reports the historical roots of religious beliefs and its sustainability through the processes of human development and social changes in the villages at transition.

Objective: Social health is one of the most serious research topics in the last two decades. Accordingly, the present study aimed to investigate the individualism - collectivism in the two sexes and the role of individualism - collectivism is done in social health.

Methods: In a cross - sectional study, 300 students (159 girls and 141 boys) social health questionnaire (Keyses, & Shapiro, 2004) and the scale of individualism-collectivism (Triandis et al, 1988) responded. To examine gender differences in individualism-collectivism, horizontal and vertical, and social health, independent t-test was used. Hierarchical regression analyzes to assess the relationship between gender and social health (subscale of social cohesion, social acceptance, social participation, social prosperity and social adaptation) and to examine the role of mediating individualism - collectivism implemented.

Findings: The results of the independent t-test showed that boys than girls in one variable - the horizontal individualism (p<.05) and horizontal collectivism (p<.05) and subscale of social acceptance (p<.05), social conformity (p<.01) and public health (p<.05) had significantly higher scores were reported. Hierarchical regression analysis results also showed that after controlling for individual factors - collectivism, the variable gender, there is no significant correlation between any of the five dimensions of social health. In other words, the results showed that individual differences in both horizontal and vertical collectivism and gender plays a key role in predicting social health.

Conclusions: individualism - collectivism on the relationship between gender and social health of students is due. This is necessary in order to examine gender differences in terms of social health, the role of cultural models of individualism - collectivism be considered.

Introduction: The Main purpose of The study is to Show that  The extent of extreme individualism” Can be Cause to Decline The “social trust”. Extreme individualism as a Social problem Based on The priority of Individual Goals and Tendency to Autonomy. in The other hand, Increasing The Seeking of selfishly benefits, Reducing The individual attachments and Liabilities on Their societies. In such conditions Individual Prefer to Choose Their individual benefits, When They Face With Conflict interests (The collective or Individual Benefits) Even if Harm to Others.

Method: The research Is a Survey Which Used of questioner technique to Gathering The data That Performed in Ones presence in 1390. The statistic society Is The people Over 20 years in Mashhad (1, 530, 827 People) and for The sample Size (384) We Used of Multi-stage cluster Sampling.

Results: Finding Verified The essential hypothesis and Indicates that The mean of extreme individualism Is in Average level (2/6), and The mean of social trust Is in Low level (2). Furthermore, There Is a Significant counter relationship Between The social trust and Extreme individualism (r = 0/591).

In Multiple regression analysis, %53 of The variation of dependent variable (The extreme individualism) Explained by The Independent variables that Remained in The final model. The beta Coefficient of "Civic trust " Was (-0/63), "education"(0/18) " social class " (0/17), " Interpersonal trust "(-0/12), " generalized trust " (0/09) and The "edg" (0/09) Percent.

Discussion: The result of the research Shows that The level of social trust Has been Low in All aspects of social interactions and Thus The increase The distrust, The increase The extreme individualism in Society and Vice versa. So, in Dimensions of social trust, Interpersonal trust Has Main effect on Extreme individualism.