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Social and political justices are the central themes in people participation to macro and mi¬cro policies in every society. According to political philosophers, two basic factors, which involved in people’s judgments about political equality are distributive and procedural jus¬tice. Current approaches to distributive social justice in many of the societies investigated by sociologists and psychologists and furthermore on the basis of these researches recognized that without attention to people’s perceptions toward social justice, serious social and politi¬cal problems arise. According to Coleman (1990) major elements of political justice are the devices and elements equality in political decisions.
Additionally, within this framework, these elements involve four subjects: distributive equal¬ity, opportunities equality. In this research, the relationship between social justice approaches and political justice components has been investigated. Statistical population of this research were the total of sixteen - year - old persons and more who were inhabitant in Esfahan city. From statistical population, four hundred people (two hundred males and two hundred females), randomly selected responding to two questionnaire, that is Rasinsky social justice questionnaire and Yousephy’s political equality questionnaire. It should be mentioned that four hundred members of sample group selected to be comparable this results with Youse¬phy’s research. The data analyzed with the use of Pearson correlation coefficients. Results showed that there is a significant reverse (negative) relationship between economic individu¬alism and equity in social justice with opportunity and participative equality. Also there is a significant direct (positive) relationship between equality in social justice and distributive, legal and participative equality in political justice.
There is a significant direct (positive) relationship between need in social justice and distribu¬tive and participative equality in political justice, whereas between need and legal equality there is a significant reverse (negative) relationship. Canonical correlation analysis showed that four approaches in social justice were able to predict political equality from total social justice indirectly.

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Objectives: Inevitably, the needs for an equity in health care and treatment should be met in a society, depending on ethical theory. An ethical theory serves to identify a context and reasoning to determine what ought to be done, as opposed to mere positive analysis of what is the case. Method: The methodology that implied in this research is a librarian method. It is based on documents and information that produced and accessible in this area from different resources. Conclusion: The purpose of this research is to offer a brief overview of major ethical theories in this field. These ethical theories are Ulitarianism, Cmunitarianism, and Entitlement. Theories that are described here attempt to provide as with a base of our understanding of the distribution of goods and services including important health care in a system of ethics.

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In general, present article investigate opportunity distribution in higher education among students in four public universities. Coaching Problem: In present societies, nearly the only way for membership in new middle class and finding its own job, is attaining university degree. Moreover, necessary condition for attaining most of high level job and accepting specialized responsibilities in management and business, is taking university degree. Taking university degree on the one hand adds probability of finding better job, better earning and more lessure times, and, on the other hand, reduce the possibility of dismissal. And also, higher education is the most essencial for social promotion and mobility low class children in the society. Because of it, access to higher education is regarded one of important factor to improve social equity. Therefore, the main problem of this article is to investigate students social origin in some universities monitored by Ministry of Science, Research ans Technology (MSRT).In other words, its goal, is answering to this question that wether there is any equity for teaching opportunity in Iranian public higher education (in investigating universities). Method: Present article is based o n a field study that investigates variables of the projects by using descriptive and inferencial statistics. In this project, sampling unit was a student and sample society includes all day students in universities of Tehran, sharif Technology, Shahid Beheshti and Allame Tabatabaee, fhat out of them 511 students were randomly selected and considered characteristics. Face validity of questionnaires were confirmed by relevant experts moreover, Chronbachs Alpha technique was used to assess reliabity of questionaires. For determining Socio-Economic Status (S-E-S), six variables were used: occupation level of father’s job, occupation level of mother’ job, father income, mother income, educational degree of father and educational degree of educational degree of mother. Findings: Project findings showed that in our sample, Socio-Economic Status(SES) are as following,5 percent of students have high level SES,20 percent of them have middle toward up SES,28 percent have middle toward down SES, and 48 percent have low level SES. This findings shows that most of student are belong to low level and middle toward down S ES. Results: The main hypothesis of this project (i.e. “The students with higher SES likely enter more in public universities”) finally was not recognized. Although observational hypothesis was not confirmed, there are some symptoms that makes worried about such a hypothesis be fulfield. At present time, Iranian higher education system has not any effective policy to add access for social low groups to higher education. But, soon or late, necessity of compiling such a program will be appeared, and, for now, we must also be ready to design it.

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Introduction: Distribution policy may absolutely or relatively effect on economy condition especially economy of the poor and disadvantaged social classes. On the other hand, since the importance and necessity of health as an undeniable right of life is evident for everybody, it can be confirmed that health is an ability which brings values for human life in other word, health is a wealth. Method: The present research studies the counter effects of these two important socioeconomic subjects, i.e. income- health inequality by defining two indices of health (Selected Death Rate & Reasons of Death) and income distribution index (Gini Coefficient). After explanation of model, the concerned four equations have been estimated using panel data of the years 1982-2006. E views 6 Software has been used for estimation of model coefficients. Moreover, model estimation is fixed based on POOL System and Effects Method. Health- Income equations have been estimated with two criteria of Gini Coefficient and Income Mean. Findings: The results show that while health depends on both factors of income mean and income inequity, but according to the investigations, income inequity effects more on society health. Conclusion: In societies with lower income inequity we see more health for the citizens. By interprovincial studies conducted on different income groups, it concluded that in provincial groups with high and low income, income inequity effects on society health and in comparison with income mean, income inequity effects more on society health.

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Introduction: The planning system in Iran is influenced by the ruling political and social discourses, and that what place such discourses hold for subjects and categories is represented in development programs. Among the very important subjects is the subject of “women”. According to the meaning and identity the subject of women has in the discourse of the executive states of the development,  the signifier of “gender equity”  is either considered to be the same as in the planning system or is left idle . Hence, it is the attention or inattention of the development programs to the gender equity that could lead to its establishment or continuation of gender inequity.
Method: Using the discourse analysis of Luclau and Mouffe,  the representation of discursive conflicts of gender equity in the Development plans was investigated.
Findings: Development plans after the revolution, in terms of paying attention to the subject of women, have been by the ongoing discursive  conflicts in the political arena.  The analyses showed that in the first and second programs, educational justice  and the imminent implication of health equity have been taken into consideration. The signs of “increase of occupation chances for women and their occupational promotion”, “paying attention to gender combination of labor force supply”, “promotion of women’s occupational skills” by referring to signified  of “economic equity”; and the signs of “essential reforms in legal affairs”, “facilitating the legal and judicial affairs of women”, “legal services”, “protecting the women rights”, “reviewing the rules and regulations” and “legal preparation for removing violence against women”, organize the semantic system of “legal equity” in the reforming discourse. The “Planning for a Health Promotion and Lifestyle Health Education Program” statement is an inadequate indication of health equity and “access to equal educational opportunities ” is a representation of “educational equity” which the discourse of political development has included it in the third and fourth programs. In the fifth program of development, the signs of “promotion of women’s health” and “establishment of the House of Health for girls and women” are taken into consideration as “hygiene equity”. Although “development and the organization of economic-subsistence affairs” represents the “economic equity”,  since it emphasizes the female-headed women and the household occupations, it doesn’t contain the whole sense of economic equity. The statements of “supply of the required trainings appropriate to the role of boys and girls” and “guaranteeing the access to equal training opportunities appropriate to gender” refers to the signified educational equity and cover its sense totally. Also, the discourse analysis of gender equity in the sixth program of development indicates that the discourse ruling the sixth program of development is formed with pivotal signs of “gender equity” and with the signified “occupational chances”, “health & hygiene”, “literacy of women”, “reform of legal system” (in the family domine) and “participation in decision-making and decision-taking”(not the opportunity of political equality). These semantic signs contain economic equity, hygiene equity, educational equity, the imperfect implication of legal equity and inadequate political equity.
Discussion: Regarding the findings, it can be said that gender equity is one of the semantic signs of discourses of reform and moderation, with the conception of equality as analogy. . Hence, the gender sensitivity of the third, fourth and six programs of development should be considered, as if the structural limitations have exposed them to enmities and the critics of the rival discourses which prevents the programs from a complete implementation.