Mohamadreza Sargolzaei, Mahdi Balali, Reza Azad, Mohamadreza Ardakani, Aliakbar Samari,
Volume 3, Issue 9 (10-2003)
Abstract
The prevalence of drugs abuse abundance and its socio-mental outcomes calls a more comprehensive research than before. One of vulnerable groups who are under the influence of drugs are students, it raises in scale among those who find the drugs more accessible mainly due to their jobs. Bringing this fact into consideration, the researchers gave special attention to Mashad University Students in the second semester. A questionnaire was applied including some information about their ages, sexes, marital status, residing area, level of credits and the kind of drug used by them. Among 1126 distributed questionnaires, 433 ones were completed and returned to the office. The information collected was analyzed by means of spss system and pointed to this fact that there is a significant relationship between sex and age indicators to drug abuse, more among men. But there was no relationship between level of credit, residing area, marital status, etc. to drug abuse.
Maryam Behjatiardakani, Ali Malekpour,
Volume 24, Issue 93 (6-2024)
Abstract
Introduction: Due to the extensive social and demographic changes in Iran’s society in recent years, including the increase in the age of marriage and divorce, addiction, immigration, disability, retirement, and the feminization of old age, the number of female heads of households has increased. Therefore, how the legislator and organizations in charge of empowering women heads of the household deal with is one of the most important factors affecting the empowerment of these women.
Method: This research, which was carried out qualitatively and by reviewing documents, tried to check what the concept of female head of household and empowerment is based on in the laws and regulations, what role is defined for each of the custodian organizations in this field? and which capabilities (welfare, access, awareness, participation, balance between men and women) and achievements (material, psychological and social) have been targeted.
Findings: The results showed that although the exact definition of empowerment is the empowerment of women in social relationships and structures, such a definition has not been placed on the agenda. The legislator’s attitude towards the role of trustee organizations is based on a supportive approach, not empowerment. From the legislator’s point of view, female guardianship is considered a harm, and while ignoring women’s right to choose, they tend to encourage women to leave this situation and remarry. The legislator’s emphasis is only on welfare capabilities and material achievements, and other capabilities and achievements are neglected.
Discussion: Because of this, most of the empowerment programs have been defined on the axis of employment and entrepreneurship, and other aspects of empowerment have been considered only in a secondary way or have been completely forgotten or denied. In the empowerment programs of women heads of households, instead of comprehensive targeting and taking action to change the space and environment of these women and the stereotypes and social relations that cause their disability, each of these women has been targeted individually.
