Volume 25, Issue 98 (10-2025)
refahj 2025, 25(98): 67-96 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
rezaee B, Pazhouhan A, Soleimani M, Azizi K. (2025). Sustainable Employment Pattern of Rural People with Disabilities: Analysis of related fields and job offers based the type of disability. refahj. 25(98), : 3 doi:10.32598/refahj.25.98.4651.1
URL: http://refahj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-4443-en.html
URL: http://refahj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-4443-en.html
Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Employment, Social Participation, Community-based Rehabilitation, People with Disabilities
Full-Text [PDF 504 kb]
(164 Downloads)
| Abstract (HTML) (602 Views)
Full-Text: (26 Views)
Extended Abstract
Introduction
ocial security, and improving the social and economic participation rate of people with disabilities.
In this regard, sustainable employment of people with disabilities is a strategy for financial security and an opportunity for continued participation and contribution to the workforce. If people with disabilities are effectively employed, they add to the economic diversity and productivity of society (Norstedt & Germundsson, 2023); (Wided & Abdulaziz, 2024). The present study aimed to identify areas for creating sustainable employment for people with disabilities living in rural areas of Kermanshah province under the coverage of a community-based rehabilitation program and to provide job models appropriate to the type of disability.
Method
The research was conducted using a qualitative and exploratory approach. The statistical population of the study included academic experts, experts from welfare organizations, Imam Khomeini Relief Committee, technical and professional organizations, welfare organizations, the University of Medical Sciences, and entrepreneurs with disabilities. Theoretical, purposive, and snowball sampling techniques were employed concurrently and continued until theoretical saturation was reached, which was achieved after 37 interviews. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. The trustworthiness of the research was ensured through strategies including long-term engagement, persistent observation, selection of appropriate participants, concurrent data collection and analysis, and member checking. Reliability was further confirmed using the test-retest method.
Findings
The research findings showed that the categories of networking and market development for products, business management and continuous improvement, implementation of career counseling based on the type of disability, psychological capacity building and skill empowerment, financial and infrastructure support, and identification of applicants and individuals susceptible to employment were identified as the main categories of the community-based rehabilitation model for sustainable employment of disabled people living in rural areas of Kermanshah province, considering the physical condition of different groups of disabled people in Kermanshah province. Moreover, within the framework of career counseling tailored to the type of disability, several employment models were identified. These included home-based jobs and handicraft production, horticulture and gardening, animal husbandry and breeding, agricultural product processing industries, social and educational services, counseling professions and local entrepreneurship, online home-based occupations, and e-commerce.
Discussion
The research findings identified several core categories as fundamental to the community-based rehabilitation model for sustainable employment of people with disabilities in rural Kermanshah province, tailored to their physical conditions. These categories include networking and market development, business management and continuous improvement, disability-specific career counseling, psychological capacity building and skill empowerment, financial and infrastructure support, and the identification of employment-ready individuals. Furthermore, creating sustainable employment models requires the full cooperation of the families of people with disabilities, the broader community, and governmental and non-governmental institutions. In this respect, paying attention to the specific needs of each individual with a disability and recognizing their unique talents and capabilities plays a significant role in the success of employment and rehabilitation programs. The results of the data analysis reveal that various factors contribute to this process. These include networking and market development for products, which is one of the most critical steps in creating sustainable employment. Furthermore, identifying and selecting individuals with entrepreneurial potential within rehabilitation programs can significantly contribute to the success of sustainable employment schemes. Finally, implementing career counseling tailored to the personal characteristics and environmental conditions of individuals with disabilities in Kermanshah province is a crucial approach for identifying and creating effective employment opportunities.
Ethical considerations
Authors’ Contributions
All authors contributed jointly to the design, execution, and writing of all parts of this research.
Conflict of Interest
The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.
Research Ethics
This study adhered to all applicable ethical standards in research, and ethical rights have been observed throughout the study.
Norstedt, M., & Germundsson, P. (2023). Motives for entrepreneurship and establishing one’s own business among people with disabilities: Findings from a scoping review. Disability & Society, 38(2) 247-266. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/09687599.2021.1919504. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09687599.2021.1919504
Wided, R., & Abdulaziz, A. (2024). Facilitating Sustainable Employment for People with Physical Disabilities: A Pathway to Inclusion: An ISM-MICMAC Approach. Journal of Disability Research, 3(6), 20240070. https://www.scienceopen.com/hosted-document?doi=10.57197/JDR-2024-0070
Introduction
ocial security, and improving the social and economic participation rate of people with disabilities.
In this regard, sustainable employment of people with disabilities is a strategy for financial security and an opportunity for continued participation and contribution to the workforce. If people with disabilities are effectively employed, they add to the economic diversity and productivity of society (Norstedt & Germundsson, 2023); (Wided & Abdulaziz, 2024). The present study aimed to identify areas for creating sustainable employment for people with disabilities living in rural areas of Kermanshah province under the coverage of a community-based rehabilitation program and to provide job models appropriate to the type of disability.
Method
The research was conducted using a qualitative and exploratory approach. The statistical population of the study included academic experts, experts from welfare organizations, Imam Khomeini Relief Committee, technical and professional organizations, welfare organizations, the University of Medical Sciences, and entrepreneurs with disabilities. Theoretical, purposive, and snowball sampling techniques were employed concurrently and continued until theoretical saturation was reached, which was achieved after 37 interviews. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. The trustworthiness of the research was ensured through strategies including long-term engagement, persistent observation, selection of appropriate participants, concurrent data collection and analysis, and member checking. Reliability was further confirmed using the test-retest method.
Findings
The research findings showed that the categories of networking and market development for products, business management and continuous improvement, implementation of career counseling based on the type of disability, psychological capacity building and skill empowerment, financial and infrastructure support, and identification of applicants and individuals susceptible to employment were identified as the main categories of the community-based rehabilitation model for sustainable employment of disabled people living in rural areas of Kermanshah province, considering the physical condition of different groups of disabled people in Kermanshah province. Moreover, within the framework of career counseling tailored to the type of disability, several employment models were identified. These included home-based jobs and handicraft production, horticulture and gardening, animal husbandry and breeding, agricultural product processing industries, social and educational services, counseling professions and local entrepreneurship, online home-based occupations, and e-commerce.
Discussion
The research findings identified several core categories as fundamental to the community-based rehabilitation model for sustainable employment of people with disabilities in rural Kermanshah province, tailored to their physical conditions. These categories include networking and market development, business management and continuous improvement, disability-specific career counseling, psychological capacity building and skill empowerment, financial and infrastructure support, and the identification of employment-ready individuals. Furthermore, creating sustainable employment models requires the full cooperation of the families of people with disabilities, the broader community, and governmental and non-governmental institutions. In this respect, paying attention to the specific needs of each individual with a disability and recognizing their unique talents and capabilities plays a significant role in the success of employment and rehabilitation programs. The results of the data analysis reveal that various factors contribute to this process. These include networking and market development for products, which is one of the most critical steps in creating sustainable employment. Furthermore, identifying and selecting individuals with entrepreneurial potential within rehabilitation programs can significantly contribute to the success of sustainable employment schemes. Finally, implementing career counseling tailored to the personal characteristics and environmental conditions of individuals with disabilities in Kermanshah province is a crucial approach for identifying and creating effective employment opportunities.
Ethical considerations
Authors’ Contributions
All authors contributed jointly to the design, execution, and writing of all parts of this research.
Conflict of Interest
The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.
Research Ethics
This study adhered to all applicable ethical standards in research, and ethical rights have been observed throughout the study.
Norstedt, M., & Germundsson, P. (2023). Motives for entrepreneurship and establishing one’s own business among people with disabilities: Findings from a scoping review. Disability & Society, 38(2) 247-266. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/09687599.2021.1919504. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09687599.2021.1919504
Wided, R., & Abdulaziz, A. (2024). Facilitating Sustainable Employment for People with Physical Disabilities: A Pathway to Inclusion: An ISM-MICMAC Approach. Journal of Disability Research, 3(6), 20240070. https://www.scienceopen.com/hosted-document?doi=10.57197/JDR-2024-0070
Type of Study: orginal |
Received: 2025/02/22 | Accepted: 2025/09/7 | Published: 2025/10/4
Received: 2025/02/22 | Accepted: 2025/09/7 | Published: 2025/10/4
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
Contact Information
Social Welfare Quarterly
Social Welfare Quarterly, Social Welfare Research Department, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation, Daneshjoo Blvd, Evin, Tehran, Iran, 19857-13834
Journal Tel: 02171732851
Website: http://refahj.uswr.ac.ir
Email: refahj@uswr.ac.ir
