Extended abstract
Intorduction: Nowadays, the issue of employment of the physically disabled as one of the basic needs of this group is explored in the context of social entrepreneurship knowledge. The aim of this study is to develop a paradigm model of applying the social entrepreneurship approach in the field of employment of the physically disabled in Khuzestan (aprovince in southwest of Iran).
Social entrepreneurs use innovation to pursue their social mission, provide and maximize available resources, provide people with goods and services, create social value, and manage risk. (Ron & Riler, 2021 p.7). It seems that one of the contexts of social entrepreneurship is the field of physical disability. Sociologists state that physical disability is often considered the main condition of the disabled. This means that others ignore the individuals’ abilities and see only their disability. Those who think in this way sometimes assume that a person with a physical disability must have other shortcomings, such as mental retardation, and treat him accordingly (Machonis, 2017). In the present study a qualitative analysis was conducted on the possibility of applying the social entrepreneurship approach in the field of employment of the physically disabled; the main research questions are:
What is the nature of social entrepreneurship in relation to the physically disabled?
What are the factors underlying the formation of social entrepreneurship for the physically disabled?
What are the limitations of developing social entrepreneurship in relation to the physically disabled?
What are the strategies and strategies for developing social entrepreneurship in relation to the disabled?
What are the consequences of the development and underdevelopment of social entrepreneurship in relation to the disabled?
Method: The research method is a qualitative method based on the grounded theory approach. The data were collected using semi-structured and in-depth interviews with 12 social business professionals and experts. In data analysis, 15 main categories have been extracted as regaeds the central category.  Also, in the axial coding stage, the central category of research category “Differentiation and underdevelopment of social entrepreneurship of the disabled” was extracted based on the main categories of the research.
Findings: In the analysis and coding of the interviews, the extracted concepts are formulated in the form of 15 main categories .Also, the core of the research was “differentiation and lack of development of social entrepreneurship for the disabled” in the selective coding stage and based on the main categories of the research. In the paradigm model of research, participation of the disabled as a social entrepreneur, high motivation to work among the disabled and the need to review the world of the disabled have emerged as causal conditions for social entrepreneurship. The educability and the existence of the idea of social entrepreneurship related to the disabled are conceptualized as the contextual conditions of social entrepreneurship for the disabled. Categories such as differentiation, instrumental view of employment of the disabled, disproportionate expertise and responsibility in managerial appointments, lack of job preparation, lack of legal, institutional and financial support are referred to as limitations and conditions involved in the development of social entrepreneurship. Workplace adaptation, mental imagery, and planning and policy-making are the main categories of act/interact (strategies) in the paradigm model.
Discussin: According to the research findings, social entrepreneurship is a process that in the first stage, by recognizing and defining disability as a physical weakness, takes into account the level of individual abilities, skills, and communication of people with disabilities. In the second stage, by studying and understanding the needs of the society, it will lead to starting a business based on exploitation, innovation and creativity for the disabled and sometimes by themselves. The final result of social entrepreneurship is the entry, participation, and role of people with disabilities in the cycle of sustainable development.
Ethical Considerations
Authors’ contributions: All authors contributed in designing, running, and writing all parts of the research
Conflicts of interest: The authors declared no conflict of interest.