Extended abstract
Introduction: Risky behaviors are behaviors that endanger the physical, psychological, and social health and well-being of individuals and society. Adolescence, which is associated with extensive physical, psychological, and social changes is considered an important stage for the initiation of risky behaviors due to self-centeredness and lack of proper understanding of such behaviors on the part of the teenagers. Risky behaviors and the tendency towards them among teenagers are important factors of jeopardizing the health of any society. The present study was carried out with the aim of investigating non-friendliness and its relationship with the tendency towards risky behaviors among the students of Malekan city in 2020.
Method: The present research is a correlational study. The statistical population includes all male and female first and second grade high school students in Malekan city, which includes a total of 9,500 students. The sample size was 640 students who were selected from among the first and second grade high school students in Malekan city as a quota. Data analysis was performed using Pearson correlation test and multiple linear regression.
Findings: The results showed that there is a statistically significant and inverse relationship between grandchild/grandparent relationship and tendency towards high-risk behaviors among the students. Moreover, there is a statistically significant and inverse relationship between socio-economic status and the tendency towards high-risk behaviors among students. The results also showed that socio-economic status moderates the relationship between grandchild/grandparent relationship and tendency towards high-risk behaviors so that at the low socio-economic level there is a statistically significant and inverse relationship between grandchild/grandparent relationship and tendency towards high-risk behaviors,; however, at the middle and high socio-economic level there is no statistically significant relationship between grandchild/grandparent relationship and tendency towards high-risk behaviors.
Discussion: Based on the final conclusion of this research it can be pointed out that the gap between parents and children reduces the understanding of parents and teenagers and increases the differences between them. On the other hand, these conditions increase the feeling of loneliness, isolation, depression, delinquency, and social deviations of teenagers and make them suffer from all kinds of cultural and social problems. Based on the statistical calculations and the findings obtained, considering the undeniable influence of the relationship of unfriendliness and children on the occurrence of delinquent behavior, it can be said that the relationship between parents and children with social harms among teenagers plays a vital role. It can be concluded that when people feel deprived and fail in achieving their goals and dreams, in such a situation, in order to meet their psychological, social, economic, and cultural needs, they commit behaviors that are not considered appropriate by the society. As mentioned, the value gap within the family and between generations happens when the cultural transmission is faced with a problem. Social damage is a worrying issue and one of the issues that target the society’s infrastructure. Harms such as addiction, theft, aggression, suicide., etc. can all cause problems and tension to the foundation of society. Accordingly, according to the theory of social learning, the starting point of this process is learning values, attitudes, and behaviors in direct contact with others, which are the main elements of socialization. Meanwhile, the family is the link between the individual and society, and family interactions and parent-child relationships are the main key to understanding the delinquent behavior of young people. The presence of high-risk behaviors among teenagers in societies is not considered unusual. What is important is how to reconcile and manage these gaps and disconnections through appropriate strategies and policies. Not managing the relationship between parents and children, on the one hand, is a warning sign for the collapse of the family system, which has a special place in the religion of Islam and the culture of Iranians; on the other hand, this gap, along with the occurrence of social harm, would be one of the main obstacles to Iran’s social development. Therefore, according to the results of the research and the aforementioned materials, it should be said that training parents to increase and strengthen their ability to establish a relationship with their children, especially in the face of generational differences, can be a very important step in preventing the emergence of many deviations. Besides, the serious attention of parents to strengthen friendly, affectionate and non-discriminatory relationships with their children would turn the family center into a calm and loving environment, and it also plays a significant role in increasing the sense of belonging and attachment to the family. Considering the significant tendency of teenagers towards high-risk behaviors and its positive relationship with unfriendliness and the socio-economic level of families, it is necessary for the government to monitor and pay attention to the improvement of the socio-economic level of teenagers’ families, as well as the state of unfriendliness and family cohesion.
Ethical considerations
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