Poverty has been studied from different aspects in Iran. The methodological and applied review of the studies carried out on the issue of poverty reveals the fact that despite the scientific and theoretical outcomes of these researches, they have been unable to tackle this social, economical and cultural problem, and we are faced with many challenges in this regard. The lack of a national will evolved from the government, nation, private sector and other civil institutes has resulted in the adaptation of different and sometimes contradictory approaches in dealing with the poverty issue which in turn has made the problem more complex and its remedy has become longer. In this study, through the adaptation of a critical view, the inability of the poverty eradication programs in Iran is studied. The study includes the different approaches taken, the history of poverty in Iran, and the major poverty eradication policies of the country. The results indicate that due to the lack of congruence between the theoretical and practical issues, the continuation of the present policies will not result in any significant anti-poverty actions. At the end of the article, the debriefing and discussion sections argues for the necessity of the formation of a national poverty eradication committee which is formed by the representatives of the government, private sector, civil institutes the aims of which are to mobilize the poverty eradication programs.