Introduction: Numerous international documents have indicated equality between men and women as regards the entitlement of the social security benefits. In Iranian law, despite the constitutional emphasis and despite all efforts made to achieve equality in this area, we still see inequalities between men and women in reaching the benefits of social security in both clear and hidden forms which necessitates an examination of the principle of equality on the part of women. Iranian law discusses the benefits of social insurance in the Iranian legal system and identifies the reasons that led to these inequalities.
Method: A qualitative research method was usedin this study. Documentary and library study together with a comparative and analytical look at international documents and ILO regulations and domestic laws in the field of social insurance were also used.
Findings: The results suggest that these inequalities are due to the lack of attention to the distinction between the concept of social security entitlements and the charity family benefits on the one hand, and the influence of traditional views based on the breadwinner model on the other.
Discussion: According to the philosophy of the social security system, it is not necessary to adhere to the civil law approach in defining the economic role of men and women in the family; however, the changing social and economic roles of men and women in the current society in this regard should be taken into account.

Keywords: Gender equality, Original insured, Social security rights, Subordinate insure

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